|
Leroy Eldridge Cleaver (August 31, 1935 – May 1, 1998), better known as Eldridge Cleaver, was an American writer, and political activist〔 who became an early leader of the Black Panther Party. His 1968 book ''Soul On Ice'' is a collection of essays, praised by ''The New York Times Book Review'' at the time of its publication as "brilliant and revealing".〔Patterson, Lindsay (April 27, 1969). ("Eldridge Cleaver; Post-Prison Writings and Speeches." ) ''The New York Times.'' Retrieved June 10, 2013.〕 Cleaver went on to become a prominent member of the Black Panthers, having the titles Minister of Information and Head of the International Section of the Panthers while a fugitive from the United States criminal justice system in Cuba and Algeria. As editor of the official Panther's newspaper, Cleaver's influence on the direction of the Party was rivaled only by founders Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale. Cleaver and Newton eventually fell out with each other, resulting in a split that weakened the party. Cleaver wrote in ''Soul on Ice'': "If a man like Malcolm X could change and repudiate racism, if I myself and other former Muslims can change, if young whites can change, then there is hope for America."〔, p. 106.〕 After spending seven years in exile in Cuba, Algeria, and France, Cleaver returned to the US in 1975, where he became involved in various religious groups (Unification Church and CARP) before finally becoming a Mormon and joining the LDS Church, as well as becoming a conservative Republican, appearing at Republican events.〔 ==Early life== Born in Wabbaseka, Arkansas, as a child Cleaver moved with his family to Phoenix and then to Los Angeles. He was the son of Leroy Cleaver and Thelma Hattie Robinson.〔Cleaver, Eldridge Cleaver; edited by Kathleen Cleaver (2006). ''Target Zero: A Life in Writing''. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 1-4039-6237-5〕 He had four siblings: Wilhelima Marie, Helen Grace, James Weldon, and Theophilus Henry.〔 In 1967, he married Kathleen Neal Cleaver; they divorced in 1987. They had a son, Ahmad Maceo Eldridge Cleaver, and a daughter, Jojuyounghi Cleaver. As a teenager, he was involved in petty crime and spent time in youth detention centers. At the age of eighteen, he was convicted of a felony drug charge and sent to the adult prison at Soledad. In 1958, he was convicted of rape and assault with intent to murder and eventually served time in Folsom and San Quentin prisons.〔〔 While in prison, he was given a copy of the Communist Manifesto.〔 Cleaver petitioned for habeas corpus to the Solano County Court and was granted it along with a release of a $50,000 bail.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eldridge Cleaver」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|